Clinical observation on electroacupuncture at "four points of sacral region" on moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical therapeutic effect between electroacupuncture at "four points of sacral region" and transurethral Erbium laser in treatment of moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy.@*METHODS@#A total of 68 patients of moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy were divided into an electroacupuncture group (34 cases) and an Erbium laser group (34 cases, 3 cases dropped off) according to the settings. In the electroacupuncture group, electroacupuncture was applied at "four points of sacral region", i.e. points of 0.5 cun beside bilateral sacrococcygeal joints and bilateral Huiyang (BL 35), with continuous wave, 2 Hz in frequency, 60 min each time, once every other day, 3 times a week, 12 times as one course of treatment. In the Erbium laser group, transurethral Erbium laser technology was given, once every 4 weeks as one course of treatment. Both groups were treated for 5 courses. The scores of the International Consultation on Incontinence questionnaire-short form (ICI-Q-SF) and the incontinence quality of life questionnaire (I-QOL) were observed before treatment, after each course of treatment and in follow-up after 1 and 2 months of treatment completion, respectively, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated after treatment in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared with those before treatment, the ICI-Q-SF scores were decreased while the I-QOL scores were increased after 5 courses of treatment and in follow-up after 1, 2 months of treatment completion in the two groups (P<0.01). The ICI-Q-SF score in follow-up after 2 months of treatment completion were higher than that after 5 courses of treatment in the Erbium laser group (P<0.05). After 3, 4, 5 courses of treatment and in follow-up after 1 and 2 months of treatment completion, the ICI-Q-SF scores in the electroacupuncture group were lower than those in the Erbium laser group (P<0.05, P<0.01); after 2, 3, 4, 5 courses of treatment and in follow-up after 1 and 2 months of treatment completion, the I-QOL scores in the electroacupuncture group were higher than those in the Erbium laser group (P<0.01). The change ranges of ICI-Q-SF score and I-QOL score between before treatment and after each course of treatment in the electroacupuncture group were lager than those in the Erbium laser group (P<0.01, P<0.05). The total effective rate was 61.8% (21/34) in the electroacupuncture group, which was superior to 19.4 (6/31) in the Erbium laser group (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Both electroacupuncture at "four points of sacral region" and transurethral Erbium laser can improve the clinical symptoms and the quality of life in patients of moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. The short-term efficacy and long-term efficacy of electroacupuncture are superior to the Erbium laser technology.

O Laser e o tratamento da flacidez e atrofia vulvo-vaginal: uma revisão integrativa da literatura / Laser and the treatment of vulvo-vaginal laxity and atrophy: an integrative review of literature

A atrofia vulvo-vaginal (VVA) é uma condição progressiva e crônica que se manifesta como involução das mucosas vulvo-vaginais e tecidosdevido à diminuição dos níveis de estrogênio. O uso do laser com papel terapêutico ganhou interesse como um tratamento não hormonal para a VVA. Esse estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos dos lasers de CO2 e Erbium: YAG na flacideze atrofia vulvo-vaginal em mulheres menopausadas. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada na base de dados PubMed, utilizando os descritores: vagina, postmenopause, vulvovaginal atrophy, vulvovaginal laxity e laser. Ambos os tipos de lasers aumentam a espessura do epitélio pavimentoso estratificado, estimulam a produção de fibras colágenas, elásticas e outros componentes da matriz extracelular, melhoram a irrigação vascular da vagina e aliviam os sintomas de secura, ardor e dispareunia. No entanto, a duração dos efeitos terapêuticos e a segurança de aplicações repetidas ainda precisam ser mais bem estudados.(AU)

Vulvo-vaginal atrophy (VVA) is a progressive and chronic condition that manifests as involution of the vulvovaginal mucosa and tissues due to decreased levels of estrogen. The use of laser with therapeutic paper gained interest as a non-hormonal treatment for VVA. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of CO2 and Erbium: YAG lasers on vulvovaginal laxity and atrophy in menopausal women. It is an integrative review, carried out in the PubMed database, using the descriptors: vagina, postmenopause, vulvovaginal atrophy, vulvovaginal laxity and laser. Both types of lasers increase the thickness of the stratified squamous epithelium, stimulate the production of collagen, elastic fibers, and other components of the extracellular matrix, improve vascular irrigation of the vagina, and relieve symptoms of dryness, burning, and dyspareunia. However, the duration of therapeutic effects and the safety of repeated applications still need to be better studied.(AU)

Intense Pulsed Light Alone and in Combination with Erbium Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Laser on Small-to-Medium Sized Congenital Melanocytic Nevi: Single Center Experience Based on Retrospective Chart Review

BACKGROUND: Treatment of congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) with intense pulsed light (IPL) has recently produced promising results. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical and histological outcomes of small-to-medium sized CMN treated with IPL alone and in combination with erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er: YAG) laser. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of 26 small-to-medium sized CMN treated as described above. The reduction in visible pigmentation, signs of recurrence and any adverse skin changes were evaluated by two independent clinicians. RESULTS: Seventeen patients completed treatment and were followed-up. Nine were not able to complete treatment due to work, change in residence, and treatment related stress. Ten patients received IPL alone (mean: 10.5 sessions) and 7 underwent treatment with IPL (mean: 7.7 sessions) and Er: YAG/IPL combination therapy (mean: 4.7 sessions). The initial treatment outcome was cleared in 5 patients and excellent in 12. Fourteen patients (82.4%) showed CMN recurrence one year after treatment completion. The histological results from a patient with an excellent clinical outcome showed remnant nevus cells nests in the deep dermis. CONCLUSION: IPL treatment alone and in combination with Er: YAG laser are not definitive treatments for CMN and should not be considered as first-line treatment.

Intense Pulsed Light Alone and in Combination with Erbium Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Laser on Small-to-Medium Sized Congenital Melanocytic Nevi: Single Center Experience Based on Retrospective Chart Review

BACKGROUND: Treatment of congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) with intense pulsed light (IPL) has recently produced promising results. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical and histological outcomes of small-to-medium sized CMN treated with IPL alone and in combination with erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er: YAG) laser. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of 26 small-to-medium sized CMN treated as described above. The reduction in visible pigmentation, signs of recurrence and any adverse skin changes were evaluated by two independent clinicians. RESULTS: Seventeen patients completed treatment and were followed-up. Nine were not able to complete treatment due to work, change in residence, and treatment related stress. Ten patients received IPL alone (mean: 10.5 sessions) and 7 underwent treatment with IPL (mean: 7.7 sessions) and Er: YAG/IPL combination therapy (mean: 4.7 sessions). The initial treatment outcome was cleared in 5 patients and excellent in 12. Fourteen patients (82.4%) showed CMN recurrence one year after treatment completion. The histological results from a patient with an excellent clinical outcome showed remnant nevus cells nests in the deep dermis. CONCLUSION: IPL treatment alone and in combination with Er: YAG laser are not definitive treatments for CMN and should not be considered as first-line treatment.

Influence of different proportions of external irrigation during the Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation on wear and roughness of root surface

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different levels of external irrigation during irradiation with an erbium, chromium: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet [Er,Cr:YSGG] laser on the roughness and wear of dental tissue during scaling procedures

Methods: Twenty-Five uniradicular bovine teeth had the proximal surfaces planed and divided into 3 regions: upper, middle and lower. The upper region was treated with hand instruments, the middle region was not treated and served as a control, and the lower region was treated by the Er,Cr:YSGG laser. The teeth were randomly divided into five groups according to the different proportions of external irrigation used during the laser irradiation: G1: 10%; G2: 20%; G3: 30%; G4: 40% and G5: 50%. The samples were analyzed for roughness and wear on the root surface irradiated with the laser

Results: There were no differences in the surface roughness and wear parameters between the groups irradiated with the laser, but the laser irradiation produced a rougher surface of the dentin than treatment with hand scaling

Conclusion: Changes in the external irrigation level did not influence the wear and roughness of root surfaces treated with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser

Láser erbium vaginal como tratamiento del síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia: resultados preliminares / Erbium vaginal laser as a treatment for genitourinary syndrome of menopause: preliminary results

ANTECEDENTES: El síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia (SGM) afecta hasta el 50% de las mujeres posmenopáusicas. Sus síntomas presentan un curso crónico y progresivo, pudiendo alterar significativamente la sexualidad y la calidad de vida. OBJETIVO: Evaluar efectividad a corto plazo y aceptabilidad del láser vaginal de Erbium en cristal de itrio-aluminio-granate (Er:YAG) como una terapia fototérmica no invasiva, no ablativa para el manejo del SGM. MÉTODO: Estudio longitudinal prospectivo, realizado en 28 mujeres posmenopáusicas con SGM. Se aplica láser vaginal Er:YAG en 3 sesiones cada 30 días. En todos los controles, se evalúa sequedad vaginal, dispareunia mediante escala visual analógica, y se registra el "vaginal health index score" (VHIS). Al final del tratamiento se evalúa la aceptabilidad del método. RESULTADOS: Se observa mejoría significativa de los síntomas (sequedad vaginal y dispareunia; p<0,01) durante todo el periodo de estudio y del VHIS (8,2 ± 1,3 previo al tratamiento vs. 19,2 ± 0,4 posterior al tratamiento; p<0,01). El 93,4% de las pacientes calificó el procedimiento como excelente o bueno. CONCLUSIÓN: Nuestro estudio piloto muestra que el tratamiento con láser Er:YAG en mujeres posmenopáusicas con síntomas de SGM es eficaz, factible y seguro en el corto plazo. Se requieren datos a más largo plazo y de mayor tamaño muestral para confirmar nuestros resultados.

BACKGROUND: The genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) affects up to 50% of postmenopausal women. Symptoms are chronic and likely worsen over time. This complains may interfere with sexual function and quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short-term effectiveness and acceptability of Erbium in yttrium aluminum-garnet crystal Laser (Er:YAG) as a non-invasive, non-ablative photothermal therapy for the treatment of GSM. METHODS: Prospective longitudinal study performed in 28 postmenopausal women suffering from GSM. All participants were treated intravaginally with Er:YAG laser in 3 applications performed every 30 days. Symptoms (vaginal dryness and dyspareunia) were evaluated by a visual-analogic scale (VAS) and the vaginal health index score (VHIS). After therapy, the women were asked to evaluate the acceptability of the intervention. RESULTS: Er:YAG laser treatment was effective to improve symptoms (vaginal dryness and dyspareunia; p<0.01) at all the study period, as well the VHIS (8.2 ± 1.3 at baseline vs. 19.2 ± 0.4 after treatment; p<0.01). Satisfaction with the procedure was reported as excellent or good by 93.4% of women. CONCLUSION: Our pilot study shows that the Er:YAG treatment in postmenopausal women with GSM is effective, feasible, and safe. Further larger, long-term and controlled studies are required to confirm this data.

Microshear bond strength according to dentin cleansing methods before recementation

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of Erbium, Chromium: Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet laser in different output powers for removing permanent resin cement residues and therefore its influence on microshear bond strength compared to other cleaning methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 90 extracted human molars were sectioned in 1 mm thickness. Resin cement was applied to surface of sliced teeth. After the removal of initial cement, 6 test groups were prepared by various dentin surface treatment methods as follows: no treatment (Group 1), ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid application (Group 2), Endosolv R application (Group 3), 1.25 W Erbium, Chromium:Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet laser irradiation (Group 4), 2 W Erbium, Chromium:Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet laser irradiation (Group 5) and 3.5 W Erbium, Chromium:Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet laser irradiation (Group 6). The topography and morphology of the treated dentin surfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (n=2 for each group). Following the repetitive cementation, microshear bond strength between dentin and cement (n=26 in per group) were measured with universal testing machine and the data were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis H Test with Bonferroni correction (P<.05). Fracture patterns were investigated by light microscope. RESULTS: Mean microshear bond strength +/- SD (MPa) for each group was 34.9 +/- 17.7, 32.1 +/- 15.8, 37.8 +/- 19.3, 31.3 +/- 12.7, 44.4 +/- 13.6, 40.2 +/- 13.2 respectively. Group 5 showed significantly difference from Group 1, Group 2 and Group 4. Also, Group 6 was found statistically different from Group 4. CONCLUSION: 2 W and 3.5 W Erbium, Chromium: Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet laser application were found efficient in removing resin residues.

Multiple basal cell carcinomas in an 11-year-old Filipino-American girl with basal cell nevus syndrome

Basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS) is a rare autosomal dominant multisystem disorder due to a mutation in the PTCH1 gene. Dermatologic manifestations include basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and palmoplantar pits. This case of childhood-onset BCC arising in a child of Filipino descent with BCNS illustrates the importance of early detection and diagnosis, which will then facilitate early counseling and management of this lifelong condition. An 11-year-old Filipino-American girl presented with multiple variegated pearly papules on the face, clavicular area and upper back. She also had multiple palmoplantar pits. Shave biopsy of a papule showed BCC. Trans-abdominal ultrasound revealed bilateral ovarian calcifications. Jaw and chest radiography were unremarkable. Skin lesions were initially treated with ablative erbium:YAG laser and later recurred after 3 months. Imiquimod cream was then started which resulted in partial resolution of lesions after 12 weeks. The dermatologist's role in the diagnosis of BCNS is integral, especially in this case where the patient is a seemingly well child with predominantly dermatologic manifestations. Clinical findings of BCNS, including BCC, are recurrent. Lifetime monitoring, counseling and adequate patient education and appropriate treatment of lesions are central to the management of this condition.

Buschke-lowenstein tumor in a 45-year old male: A case report

Buschke-Lowenstein tumor(BLT) is a rare sexually transmitted disease triggered by human papillomavirus type 6 or 11. It presents as an anogenital exophytic tumor characterized by its size, local infiltration, high recurrence rate and risk of malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma. A 45-year-old heterosexual male presented with a 22-year history of slow-growing, multiple, dark brown, verrucous, exophytic nodules and plaques over the trunk, extremities, inguinal and gluteal areas. Two years prior to consult, there was coalescence of lower abdominal plaques with rapid growth of a pinkish cauliflower-like tumor. Pelvic MRI showed that the tumor was limited to the skin. Biopsy of the lower abdominal mass was consistent with BLT and positive for HPV DNA. There was no internal organ involvement or metastasis. Pulsed dye and erbium:YAG lasers were done on the gluteal area test sites followed by wide excision and split-thickness skin graft of the lower abdominal and pubic area.

Multiple basal cell carcinomas in an 11-year-old Filipino-American girl with basal cell nevus syndrome

Basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS) is a rare autosomal dominant multisystem disorder due to a mutation in the PTCH1 gene. Dermatologic manifestations include basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and palmoplantar pits. This case of childhood-onset BCC arising in a child of Filipino descent with BCNS illustrates the importance of early detection and diagnosis, which will then facilitate early counseling and management of this lifelong condition. An 11-year-old Filipino-American girl presented with multiple variegated pearly papules on the face, clavicular area and upper back. She also had multiple palmoplantar pits. Shave biopsy of a papule showed BCC. Trans-abdominal ultrasound revealed bilateral ovarian calcifications. Jaw and chest radiography were unremarkable. Skin lesions were initially treated with ablative erbium:YAG laser and later recurred after 3 months. Imiquimod cream was then started which resulted in partial resolution of lesions after 12 weeks. The dermatologist's role in the diagnosis of BCNS is integral, especially in this case where the patient is a seemingly well child with predominantly dermatologic manifestations. Clinical findings of BCNS, including BCC, are recurrent. Lifetime monitoring, counseling and adequate patient education and appropriate treatment of lesions are central to the management of this condition.

The Effect of ER:YAG Laser & ER,CR:YSGG Laser on the Tissue of the Inflammation-Induced Mouse

Modified laser etching technique of enamel for bracket bonding / 대한치과교정학회지

OBJECTIVE: Many studies have carried out research on comparisons between laser etching and conventional etching systems to investigate methods of reinforcing shear bond strength. The purposes of this study were to assess the efficiency of bonding with erbium, chromium doped: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser etching combined with the conventional etching technique. METHODS: Sixty-four sound premolars, extracted for orthodontic purposes, were randomly divided into 4 groups and treated in the following manner. First group, conventional etching of 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds (control); second group, 1.5 W laser etching for 10 seconds followed by conventional etching; third group, conventional etching followed by 1.5 W laser etching; fourth group, 1.5 W laser etching for 15 seconds only. We assessed the shear bond strength, the surface characteristics, and the adhesive remnant index scores between all groups. RESULTS: Experimental groups showed higher shear bond strength than the control group. But no statistically significant differences were found between the second and third groups. Adhesive remnant scores were compared with the Kruskal-Wallis test, and no statistically significant differences were found between all groups. CONCLUSIONS: To obtain maximum shear bonding strength, a combined technique of Er,Cr:YSGG and 37% phosphoric acid is useful even though it may be inconvenient.

A Case of Traumatic Panniculitis Following Fractional Laser Therapy / 대한피부과학회지

Traumatic panniculitis can be induced through the injection of various substances into the subcutaneous fat, especially in patients with psychiatric problems. This condition can also be caused through the subcutaneous implantation of different materials for cosmetic or therapeutic reasons or through mechanical or physical means. The diagnosis is always worth considering in those patients with bizarre clinical lesions and inflammatory changes in the subcutaneous fat that defy ready classification. There have been reported cases of traumatic panniculitis induced by acupuncture, but no reported cases associated with laser therapy. Fractional photothermolysis is the newest approach to laser therapy, with multiple micro-laser beams that target water-containing tissues to cause photocoagulation of narrow columns of skin. The penetration depth of the multiple micro-laser beams is up to 900microgram, generally to the reticular dermis level. A 19-year-old female patient presented with a tender 4x7 cm sized erythematous to brownish, irregularly shaped, atrophic plaque on the right shin. She was treated for a leg scar using a 1,550 nm erbium fiber laser. Histopathologic examination showed moderate inflammatory infiltration and lipomembranous fat necrosis in the subcutaneous septa with mild inflammation in the overlying dermis. The tissue proved to be infiltrated by lymphohistiocytic cells and a few eosinophils. The patient was treated with systemic and topical corticosteroids; she has experienced no recurrence. We report an interesting case of traumatic panniculitis following fractional laser therapy.

Er: YAG Laser Irradiated Implant Surface Observation with Scanning Electron Microscopy

O som da ablação do tecido dentinário com lasers de Érbio comopossível parâmetro de mínima intervenção / The sound of dentinal tissue ablation with Erbium lasers as a possible parameter for minimal intervention

A evidência científica da cariologia atual vem apontando para a promoção de saúdebucal, técnicas preventivas, diagnóstico precoce da doença cárie e suas lesões noselementos dentais, remineralização de lesões de cárie incipientes e a intervençãorestauradora célere como procedimentos minimamente invasivos. Durante o ato deremoção de lesão de cárie, é comum remover-se inadvertidamente também tecidodental hígido durante a fase final, por ser um tanto quanto difícil precisarclinicamente os limites entre tecido dental comprometido e tecido dental viável.Usando-se a tecnologia com lasers de Érbio, uma dica clínica subjetiva é a mudançada percepção do som emitido pela ablação do tecido dental ao passar-se desubstrato cariado para hígido (de grave para agudo), como uma forma adicional desaber que a ablação naquele ponto deve ser interrompida. Este estudo visaclassificar estas diferenças sonoras em dentina e torná-las um parâmetro objetivopara odontologia de mínima intervenção ao usar-se lasers de Érbio. Para tanto,foram realizadas três fases do estudo: primeiramente, utilizaram-se vinte dentesposteriores humanos, sendo dez cariados e dez hígidos. A dentina foi irradiada comlaser de Er:YAG sob os mesmos parâmetros, distância e refrigeração e ummicrofone monodirecional foi posicionado a 10cm da área operatória para captaçãoe gravação dos sons produzidos pela ablação ao se operar tanto em dentina hígidaquanto cariada. Dez pulsos por arquivo foram então analisados em um software (200análises). Foram encontradas diferenças entre os padrões sonoros produzidos dosgrupos cariados e hígidos e encontrado um ponto de corte para estas freqüênciassonoras, que seria testado a seguir. Em outra segunda etapa, foi desenvolvido,testado e aplicado um software...

Studies in cariology have been struggling for the development of health promotion,caries prevention techniques, precocious diagnoses of lesions, re-mineralization ofincipient carious lesions and early restorative intervention with minimally invasiveprocedures. When removing caries lesion, healthy dental structure is often removedinadvertently during its final phase, for being quite difficult to clinically precise thelimits between viable and decayed dental tissues. With laser technologies, asubjective clinical hint, often used to indicate when tissue ablation should be stoppedis that different sounds are perceptive whether in carious (bass) or in healthy (treble)dental structure; when sound produced by ablation turned treble it would mean thathealthy tissue was reached. This study aims to classify those audio differences andto turn them into objective parameters for a conservative operative dentistry withminimally invasive tissue removal when using Erbium lasers. For so, three phases ofthis study were needed: at first, twenty freshly extracted posterior human teeth wereused (10 decayed and 10 sound teeth). Dentine was irradiated with Er:YAG laserunder the same parameters, distance and refrigeration and a mono directionalmicrophone was set 10cm far from the operative area in order to capture and recordthe ablation produced sounds when working either on carious or healthy dentine. Tenpulses per file were then analyzed in a computer software (200 analyses).It waspermitted to draw differences between decayed and healthy produced sounds andalso to establish a cut-off value for these sound frequencies, that would be testedlater on. On a second phase, a piece of software which was able to border the soundfrequency was then developed and tested. This tool was meant to warn the operator...

Comparing the effects of conventional method, pulse dye laser and erbium laser for the treatment of hypertrophic scars in Iranian patients

Hypertrophic scar is an elevated scar with ugly appearance that isn't acceptable even in reconstructive surgery. Unfortunately, there is no standard and effective treatment for it. Conventional treatments such as corticosteroid injection and garment usage have limited effectiveness. In recent year, laser is suggested for reduction of the volume and height of these scars. But in different studies, different results from very effective to ineffective were reported for this type of treatment. This study was a single blind randomized clinical trial that was done on three groups. In each group, 40 patients with hypertrophic scar were included. In group one PDL, group 2 Erbium laser and in group 3 corticosteroid were used. Scar improvement was assessed by the amount of decrease in Vancouver burn scar [VBS] score; the higher the decrease, the better the improvement. Although the mean VBS score significantly decreased in all three groups after treatment, the decrease in mean VBS score in group 3 was significantly lower than the decrease in mean VBS scores of groups 1 and 2 [P values were 0.037 and 0.041, respectively]. Some types of laser such as PDL and erbium can improve elevation and vascularity of hypertrophic scar. These types of treatment can use in hypertrophic scar management when vascularity and elevation of scar are unfavorable

Er: Yag laser irradiation of the microbiological apical biofilm

One problem in cases of healing-resistant periapical lesions is to eradicate the contamination at the periapical area. This contamination is due to the microbiological biofilm formed by microorganisms and their subproducts lodged in apical third of the root, on both cementum and dentin surface. Paraendodontic surgery consists of the mechanical removal of harmful agents to promote healing and periapical health. The purpose of this study was to assess the results of Er:YAG laser irradiation on the apical root third of newly extracted teeth to eliminate microbial contamination on root apex surface. Apical irradiation was performed with an Er:YAG laser device using an experimental contact tip, at 100 mJ, 10 Hz, 1 W, 39 J/cm², 3 times on the target area. SEM analysis showed the elimination of part of the irradiated cementum and the formation of small roughened without exposing the subjacent dentin. Vaporization of the remaining periodontal tissue and removal of microbiological apical biofilm (MAB) were also observed on the irradiated areas. Under the tested conditions and based on the findings of this study, Er:YAG laser may be considered effective for removal of microbiological apical biofilm.

A problemática dos casos envolvendo pacientes portadores de lesões periapicais resistentes é a eliminação da infecção que atinge a região periapical. Esta infecção é composta por microrganismos e seus subprodutos alojados no cemento e dentina do terço apical, sob forma de biofilme microbiano. A execução da cirurgia paraendodôntica com vistas à promoção da saúde do periápice, invariavelmente resume-se em remover mecanicamente os agentes causadores da doença, com objetivo de proporcionar a reparação. O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar o resultado da irradiação com laser de Er:YAG no terço apical de dentes recém extraídos com relação à infecção microbiana na superfície do ápice radicular. O laser Er:YAG foi empregado para irradiação de ápices radiculares, com ponteira experimental de contato (Chisel, Morita co.), utilizando energia de potência de 100 mJ, 10 Hz, por 3 vezes em área delimitada no terço apical das raízes. Os resultados do estudo em microscopia eletrônica de varredura mostraram a eliminação do tecido periodontal remanescente juntamente com quantidade significativa de microrganismos. Portanto, pode-se concluir que o laser de Er:YAG nas condições experimentais testadas mostrou-se efetivo na remoção de microrganismos do tecido periodontal contaminado e do cemento sem expor a dentina subjacente.

Neocolagenização induzida pelo resurfacing com laser erbium:YAG isolado e associado a lifting cutâneo: estudo morfométrico comparativo em ratos / Comparison of single erbium:YAG laser resurfacing to a combination with cutaneous lifting: a morphometric study of neocollagenization in rats

INTRODUÇAO: Diferente do lifting, cuja tração mecânica é a responsável pelo efeito clínico de rejuvenescimento sobre rugas profundas, a fibroplasia (ou neocolagenização) é a responsável direta pelo resultado final da ação do laser sobre a pele com rugas superficiais, conferindo-lhe aparência mais jovem. O uso combinado dessas duas técnicas pode ser vantajoso, pois permite um resultado estético melhor com um único procedimento anestésico e cirúrgico em um curto período de recuperação. OBJETIVOS: O presente estudo morfométrico se propõe a avaliar se ocorre alguma alteração na espessura da fibroplasia induzida pelo resurfacing a laser erbium:YAG quando este se associa ao lifting cutâneo. MÉTODO: Foram utilizados 50 ratos da linhagem Wistar, divididos em dois grupos de 25, sendo que o primeiro grupo foi submetido à aplicação exclusiva de laser erbium:YAG no dorso de cada animal e o outro sofreu a aplicação de laser Erbium: YAG combinada ao lifting, o qual foi representado, no animal de experimentação, por retalho cutâneo dorsal pediculado. A fibroplasia foi avaliada nos dois grupos com medidas morfométricas lineares realizadas após o sacrifício dos animais nos dias 14, 28, 56, 84 e 112 do pós-operatório. RESULTADO: Foi observado aumento da fibroplasia em ambos os grupos estudados, porém o crescimento do colágeno foi superior no grupo submetido à terapia isolada com laser Erbium: YAG. CONCLUSAO: A espessura da fibroplasia induzida pelo resurfacing a laser Erbium: YAG foi influenciada pela associação de um segundo procedimento cirúrgico no mesmo tempo operatório, neste caso, o lifting cutâneo.

Efetividade da utilização do laser de Érbio: YAG na redução da sensibilidade dentinária cervical / The effects of Erbio: YAG laser on pain relief associated with dentinal hypersensitivity

Este artigo avalia o laser de Érbio:YAG (Er:YAG) no tratamento da hipersensibilidade dentinária cervical, a partir de 13 pacientes selecionados, totalizando 69 dentes. O estudo foi conduzido em cinco sessões: na primeira sessão, houve triagem dos pacientes, na segunda, exame clínico e radiográfico, bem como eliminação de fatores etiológicos que pudessem produzir hipersensibilidade dentinária. Na terceira e quarta sessões, os pacientes foram submetidos ao tratamento com laser. Os dentes do grupo controle não receberam tratamento. Na quinta sessão, foi realizada a avaliação final. Diferenças significativas no alívio de dor foram observadas entre o grupo irradiado e o grupo controle. Esses resultados indicam que o laser de Er:YAG foi efetivo na redução da sintomatologia dolorosa associada à hipersensibilidade dentinária cervical.

Synthesis, structure characterization and anti-tumor activity of lanthanide complex Ln (Phen)2 (5-Fu)3 (NO3) (NO3 )2 / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the biochemistry of lanthanides, the cooperative action of inorganic and organic anti-tumor drugs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A series of rare earth complexes were synthesized with Ln(NO3) 6H2O, Phen and 5-Fu. Their anti-tumor activity was measured by the improved MTT, SRB methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The formula of complex Ln[(Phen)2(5-Fu)3(NO3)](NO3)2(Ln = Y, La, Ce, Sm, Gd, Dy, Er; Phen = 1, 10-phenanthroline; 5-Fu = fluorouracil) was characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductivity, IR, TGA, and 13C NMR spectra. The preliminary biological activity studies indicated that Lanthanide complex has strong anti-tumor activity in vitro.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The complex might have anti-tumor cooperation action.</p>